上海浦東牡丹園改造與提升工程 | MYP邁柏

項目背景

“城市是人集中生活的地方，城市建設(shè)必須把讓人民宜居安居放在首位，把最好的資源留給人民?！边@個是總書記在浦東開發(fā)開放三十周年慶祝大會上的講話。浦東牡丹園秉承著“人民城市人民建 人民城市為人民”的理念，在關(guān)閉多年后改造再提升，還空間于城市、還綠地于人民、還公共配套服務(wù)于社會。

"Cities are places where people live together, and urban construction must give top priority to making people live in peace and security, and leave the best resources to the people." This is the speech of the General Secretary at the celebration of the 30th anniversary of the development and opening up of Pudong. Adhering to the concept of "people's city built by the people, people's city for the people", Pudong Peony Park has been renovated and upgraded after years of closure to return space to the city, green space to the people, and public supporting services to the society.

牡丹園位于上海浦東高行鎮(zhèn)、森蘭外高橋核心商務(wù)區(qū)，原系浦東新區(qū)唯一的全國文明村解放村興建，占地7.8萬平方米。現(xiàn)狀園內(nèi)建筑破敗，侵害性植物侵蝕全園，水體污染嚴(yán)重，道路損壞。為避免大拆大改大建的方式，以保留利用提升為主，推行小規(guī)模、漸進(jìn)式的“針灸式”微改造，促使牡丹園在百廢待興中有機(jī)的更新轉(zhuǎn)型。

Peony Garden is located in Gaohang Town, Pudong, Shanghai, and the core business district of Senlan Waigaoqiao. It was originally built in Jiefang Village, the only national civilized village in Pudong New Area, covering an area of 78,000 square meters. The current situation of the garden is characterized by dilapidated buildings, invasive plants encroaching on the entire garden, serious water pollution and damaged roads. In order to avoid the way of big demolition and reconstruction, the main focus is to retain and utilize the park for upgrading, and to implement small-scale and progressive "acupuncture" micro-renovation, in order to promote the organic renewal and transformation of the Peony Garden in the midst of all kinds of wastes.

▲公園改造前  攝影：MYP邁柏

▲改造后總體鳥瞰  攝影：金笑輝

私家園林的公共性

園內(nèi)有景運(yùn)堂、周浦老宅、喻式民宅、奚式民宅、馬氏民宅及川沙老宅共六棟特色當(dāng)?shù)厮饺嗣窬咏ㄖs百年歷史），從上海浦東各地搬遷而來，為上海近代建筑保護(hù)基地。改造前的牡丹園全方位服務(wù)于企業(yè)會務(wù)、展示等，暫不對外開放，本次改造須將私家園林轉(zhuǎn)型為公共開放的綜合公園。

There are six characteristic local private residential buildings (about a hundred years old), including Jingyuntang, Zhoupu Old Mansion, Yu’s Mansion, Xi’s Mansion, Ma's Mansion and Chuansha Old Mansion, which have been relocated from different parts of Pudong, and serve as a base for the protection of Shanghai's modern architecture. Before remodeling, the Peony Garden served in all aspects of corporate meetings, displays, etc., and was not open to the public. The remodeling shall transform the private garden into a comprehensive public park.

▲改造前的私家園林  攝影：MYP邁柏

▲改造后的開放空間  攝影：金笑輝

現(xiàn)狀牡丹園三面環(huán)水，與周邊社區(qū)僅一水相隔，東臨城市道路側(cè)有圍墻隔斷，形成孤立的綠地格局，周邊居民及游客難以到達(dá)。園內(nèi)建筑原為富商私人所有，作為私宅園林僅供主人使用，象征園主身份及社會地位，因此建筑及院落通過圍墻、水系、林木等明確的邊界形成內(nèi)聚的布局形式。

The current Peony Garden is surrounded by water on three sides, separated from the neighboring communities by only one water, and the east side of the city road is separated by a wall, forming an isolated green space pattern, which is difficult to be reached by the neighboring residents and tourists. The buildings in the garden were originally privately owned by wealthy merchants, and as a private garden for the owner's use only, symbolizing the owner's identity and social status, the buildings and courtyards form a cohesive layout through the clear boundaries of the wall, water system, and trees.

在改造過程中首要工作是將場地沿蘭谷路南北側(cè)的圍墻打開，鏈接原濱水綠道，利用公共綠道將原閉塞的牡丹園與東側(cè)森蘭綠地、北側(cè)寶蓮庵、南側(cè)辦公園區(qū)及周邊社區(qū)相互串聯(lián)。整修東側(cè)原門廳主入口，形成主要的對外開放邊界，“一入口雙通道”的牡丹園成為開放便捷的社區(qū)家門口公園。

In the process of renovation, the first thing to do is to open the fence along the north and south sides of Langu Road, link the original waterfront greenway, and utilize the public greenway to connect the original closed Peony Garden with the Sunland green space on the east side, Baolian temple on the north side, the office park on the south side, and the neighboring communities. The main entrance of the original foyer on the east side is renovated to form the main open boundary, and the Peony Garden with "one entrance and two channels" becomes an open and convenient community park.

▲主入口廣場  攝影：金笑輝

▲通往寶蓮庵次入口  攝影：MYP邁柏

結(jié)合現(xiàn)狀地形高差、建筑布局、水系、植物及園路，梳理整體的景觀骨架形成開放的空間結(jié)構(gòu)，南部以動為主的活力區(qū)，中部以綠為底的生態(tài)區(qū)，北部以靜為主的休閑區(qū)，在三區(qū)融合的整體布局下共享聯(lián)通形成“三大區(qū)九景點(diǎn)”的開放布局，滿足不同季候人群各異的活動需求。

Combining the current topographic height difference, architectural layout, water system, plants and garden paths, the overall landscape skeleton is organized to form an open space structure. The southern part of the park is a dynamic area, the central part is an ecological area with a green background, and the northern part is a leisure area with a quiet background. Under the overall layout of the integration of the three districts, the open layout of "three districts and nine attractions" is formed to meet the different activity needs of people in different seasons.

▲南區(qū)中央湖景活動區(qū)  攝影：金笑輝

▲中區(qū)花境生態(tài)緩沖區(qū)  攝影：金笑輝

▲北區(qū)密林生態(tài)休閑區(qū)  攝影：金笑輝

將原聯(lián)系獨(dú)棟建筑主院落的道路降級為次要游園路，點(diǎn)狀建筑線性串聯(lián)至主園路；根據(jù)不同的活動類型劃分四級步道：一千米的環(huán)形健身步道、百年古建筑及臨水亭廊的古建體驗道、串聯(lián)中心湖面、水溪、水廊、荷塘、淺塘等不同的水特征的親水步道、連接園內(nèi)各個活動節(jié)點(diǎn)的游園步道。

The original road linking the main courtyard of the single building is downgraded to a secondary garden road, and the point-like buildings are linearly strung to the main garden road. According to different types of activities, there are four levels of trails: a one-thousand-meter circular fitness trail, an ancient building experience trail with centuries-old buildings and waterfront pavilions, a water-friendly trail linking different water features such as the central lake, water streams, water corridors, lotus ponds and shallow ponds, and a walkway connecting the various activity nodes in the park.

▲四級步道 

▲濱水步道  攝影：金笑輝

▲游園步道  攝影：金笑輝

▲古建體驗道  攝影：金笑輝

▲健身步道  攝影：MYP邁柏

園內(nèi)房主原為民國初期黃浦江上運(yùn)輸商人喻春華、商蓄電池錢姓商人、鹽商奚章清等富甲貴族，建筑及院落只為特定的少數(shù)人所服務(wù)，環(huán)境只需滿足個體的意志需求。改造后的牡丹園作為群眾休閑的環(huán)境，需代表大眾的意志，滿足不同人群的日常所需。

The owners of the garden were originally Yu Chunhua, the transportation businessman on the Huangpu River, a merchant surnamed Qian of the commercial storage battery, and Xi Zhangqing, a salt merchant in the early period of the Republic of China, etc. The buildings and courtyards were only for the service of a specific minority, and the environment just satisfy the individual's will needs. As a leisure environment for the masses, the transformed Peony Garden needs to represent the will of the public and meet the daily needs of different people.

在改造設(shè)計中通過對植物清理、林相改造、建筑修繕、水質(zhì)改善等，營造了開敞的大草地、如畫的荷塘、幽靜的竹林、清雅的廊下、絢爛的牡丹花海、閑適的水邊等多元的活動場景；塑造了山林漫步、草地野趣、觀湖戲水、古建游覽等不同的活動方式；“四季有綠、三季變化”的園內(nèi)景象，提供了全季候的活動時節(jié)。開放后的牡丹園兼具了居民、游客、周邊辦公及內(nèi)部人員等不同客群需求。

In the renovation design, through the plant clearing, forest phase transformation, building repair, water quality improvement, etc., it creates a variety of activity scenes such as open grassland, picturesque lotus pond, quiet bamboo forest, elegant corridor, gorgeous peony, leisurely waterfront, etc., and shapes different activity such as walking in the mountain forests, having fun in the grassland, watching the lake and playing, touring the ancient constructions, etc. The "four seasons of green, three seasons of change" landscape provides all-season activities. After opening, the Peony Garden combines the needs of different groups of customers such as residents, tourists, neighboring offices and internal staff.

▲觀湖戲水  攝影：金笑輝

▲林中漫步  攝影：金笑輝

▲古建游覽  攝影：金笑輝

▲草地野趣  攝影：金笑輝

古典園林的現(xiàn)代性

距今約百年的古建、亭廊、院落、馬頭墻、磚木如何融入當(dāng)代人的生活方式？古典園林的現(xiàn)代化表達(dá)是本次牡丹園改造中核心議題之一?！芭c古為新、尊古存真”，不是只迎合傳統(tǒng)，在尊重傳統(tǒng)的基礎(chǔ)上添加新的內(nèi)容，基于現(xiàn)狀的山、水、林等，運(yùn)用大草坪、大水面、植物群落等現(xiàn)代手法打造修舊載新的多功能現(xiàn)代公園。

How can the ancient buildings, pavilions, courtyards, horse-head walls, bricks and timbers, which are about a hundred years old, be integrated into the lifestyle of contemporary people? The modernization expression of classical gardens is one of the core issues in this Peony Garden renovation. "Being new with the ancient, respecting the ancient and preserving the true" is not only catering to the tradition, but also adding new contents on the basis of respecting the tradition. Based on the current situation of mountains, water and forests, the modern approach of using large lawn, large water surface, plant communities and other modern methods is used to create a multi-functional modern park that repairs the old and carries the new.

▲改造前的牡丹種植區(qū)  攝影：MYP邁柏

▲改造后的現(xiàn)代化公園綠地  攝影：金笑輝

現(xiàn)狀中心湖面將園區(qū)劃分為二，南側(cè)為居住建筑，北側(cè)為綠色山水，自然與人文相對應(yīng)；建筑隱于樹林之中，內(nèi)部布局移步異景；亭臺臨水而建回廊曲折有致，空間形式以小見大。改造過程中通過對豎向的平地、湖面、坡地、谷地、山頂?shù)炔煌匦物L(fēng)貌的結(jié)構(gòu)重組，以現(xiàn)有的古木古建為內(nèi)容，改善后的開敞廣場、大水面、多功能草地、亭廊建筑等公共空間作為市民活動的載體，滿足運(yùn)動健身、戶外露營、社交集會、娛樂游賞、團(tuán)建會議、文化交流等當(dāng)下的使用者的活動類型及行為方式，實現(xiàn)了看與被看轉(zhuǎn)向參與式、互動式的空間轉(zhuǎn)換。

The existing central lake divides the park into two parts, with residential buildings on the south side and green landscape on the north side, corresponding to nature and humanity. The buildings are hidden in the woods, and the internal layout is different. The pavilions and platforms are built along the waterfront with winding corridors. In the process of renovation, through the reorganization of different topographic features such as vertical flat land, lake, slope, valley, hilltop, etc.,

with the existing ancient wood and ancient buildings as the content, the improved open plaza, large water surface, multi-functional grass, pavilion buildings and other public spaces as the carrier for public activities to meet the activities of the users of sports and fitness, outdoor camping, social gatherings, recreation and enjoyment, group meetings and cultural exchanges. It realizes the transformation of seeing and being seen into a participatory and interactive space.

▲古建筑為背景的現(xiàn)代戶外活動  攝影：金笑輝

▲多功能草地  攝影：金笑輝

▲湖邊游賞  攝影：金笑輝

▲拍照空間  攝影：金笑輝

現(xiàn)狀建筑年久失修，門窗構(gòu)件等被侵蝕，基本處于閑置狀態(tài)。古建煥新，修復(fù)廊亭等園建構(gòu)筑，修繕古建立面及坐倚設(shè)施；功能置換，通過運(yùn)營管理將華堂樓作為公園服務(wù)驛站（咖啡博物館）、景運(yùn)堂作為文化展館、 周浦老宅作為餐飲服務(wù)（一尺花園）、川沙老宅作為書畫中心，其余建筑修繕后作為彈性使用。煥新后的古建可提供全區(qū)基礎(chǔ)服務(wù)、會務(wù)、匯演、展示、輕餐飲、茶歇等綜合服務(wù)。

The current building is in a state of disrepair, with doors and windows eroded, which is basically unused. Renewing the old buildings including restoration of the pavilions and other structures, repair of the old building surfaces and sitting facilities. In addition, replacing functions through the operation and management of the Huatang Building as a park service station (Coffee Museum), the Jingyuntang as a cultural exhibition hall, the Zhoupu Old House as a catering service (one-foot garden), the Chuansha Old House as a painting and calligraphy center, and the rest of the buildings are restored and used as a flexible use. After the renovation, the old buildings can provide comprehensive services such as district-wide basic services, conference services, performances, exhibitions, light meals and tea breaks.

▲一尺花園建筑  攝影：MYP邁柏

▲室外用餐空間  攝影：MYP邁柏

▲服務(wù)驛站  攝影：MYP邁柏

專類公園的自然性

牡丹園曾收藏有9大色系、160個珍稀品種、數(shù)萬盆牡丹，一度成為江南最大的牡丹園，現(xiàn)園內(nèi)牡丹寥寥數(shù)及。現(xiàn)狀被一枝黃花、藤蔓等侵害性物種占據(jù)，路面鋪裝雜草叢生，不僅影響美觀，同時導(dǎo)致道路侵占無法通行；因常年缺乏維護(hù)修剪，下木層植物生長雜亂，遮擋活動空間；植物的密閉度過高，導(dǎo)致空間密閉視線閉塞，出現(xiàn)公園內(nèi)的“灰空間”；水邊植物侵占河道，部分段水質(zhì)較差。

The Peony Garden used to have 9 color families, 160 rare species and tens of thousands of pots of peonies, which once became the largest peony garden in Jiangnan. However, there are only a few peonies in the garden. The current situation is occupied by the invasive species such as golden-rod and vines, etc., and the road pavement is covered by weeds, which not only affects the aesthetics, but also make roads impassable. Due to the lack of maintenance and pruning for many years, the plants in the shrub zone grow in a messy way, blocking the activity spaces. In addition, the plants are overly confined, which results in space confinement and visual occlusion, then park's "gray space" appeared. Meanwhile, the plants near the water encroach on the river, which waste water quality.

▲改造前的中央湖景  攝影：MYP邁柏

▲改造后的中央湖景  攝影：金笑輝

保留原有水肌理，改造疏通園內(nèi)南北水口，與園外水系統(tǒng)連通形成活水系；通過清淤、修復(fù)綠島、增加水生植物、增設(shè)跌水瀑布等凈化水體；增加雨水花園、濕塘、下凹綠地、小溪等形成水生態(tài)；清理侵害植物，補(bǔ)種群落植物豐富林相。與周邊水系綠地藍(lán)綠交織滲透到城市中，將以牡丹為特色的專類花園轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槌蔷G交融、古建群集的綜合生態(tài)花園。

The original water texture is preserved, renovating and dredging the north and south water outlets in the garden to connect with the water system outside the garden, which form a living water system. Purify the water through dredging, repairing green islands, adding aquatic plants, and installing additional waterfalls. Add rain gardens, wet ponds, undercrofts, streams, etc. to form water ecology. Clean up infringing plants and replant community plants to enrich the forest phase. It will interweave blue and green with the surrounding water system and green areas to penetrate into the city, transforming the specialized garden featuring peonies into a comprehensive ecological garden with city-green intermixing and ancient architecture clustering.

▲生態(tài)綠島  攝影：金笑輝

▲生態(tài)駁岸  攝影：金笑輝

▲草坡入水  攝影：金笑輝

▲水石瀑布  攝影：金笑輝

“唯有牡丹真國色，花開時節(jié)動京城”，牡丹承載著園主的詩意生活和高尚的精神寄托，是文人的自我寫意；牡丹園改造通過山水構(gòu)建三維空間、植物的季相變化表達(dá)四維時間、人文的自然精神傳達(dá)五維的情感。

"A true national color that moves the capital when in bloom", peony carries the poetic life and noble spiritual trust of the garden owner, which is the self-writing of the literati. The peony garden renovation builds three-dimensional space through landscape, expresses four-dimensional time through seasonal changes of plants, and conveys five-dimensional emotion through the natural spirit of humanism.

▲牡丹花海  攝影：金笑輝

▲賞花  攝影：金笑輝

▲植物季相變化  攝影：金笑輝

▲林下閱讀  攝影：金笑輝

▲林中家庭  攝影：金笑輝

結(jié)語

在“人民城市人民建 人民城市為人民”的總體理念下，以“針灸式”改造提升后的牡丹園打破了以看與被看以滿足個人情趣為主的私人花園，形成了開放的城市山林，為周邊高密度的社區(qū)居民提供了運(yùn)動、休閑、集會、休憩的好去處，成為市民日?；顒拥拈_放舞臺。古園煥新后的樓臺亭廊，承載著書畫交流、博物展館、曲藝表演、驛站服務(wù)等綜合的功能，成為群眾喜聞樂見的文化共享平臺。山水格局重塑后的牡丹園，營造了“四季有景、三季變化”的多季相節(jié)點(diǎn)，打造了全季候的多功能活動方式，同時兼具自然生態(tài)的游賞環(huán)境，大大增加了人民城市的滿意度與幸福度。

Under the general concept of "people's city built by the people, people's city for the people", the Peony Garden has been renovated and upgraded in an "acupuncture style", breaking the private gardens of seeing and being seen to satisfy personal interests, forming an open urban forest, and providing a good place for sports, leisure, gathering and rest for the residents of the surrounding high-density communities, which becomes an open stage for citizens' daily activities. The pavilions and corridors after the renewal carry comprehensive functions such as communion site of calligraphy and painting, exhibition halls, opera performances and service station, and become a cultural sharing platform for the public to enjoy. The Peony Garden after the reshaping of the landscape pattern creates a multi-seasonal node with "scenic views in four seasons and changes in three seasons", which creates a multifunctional way of all-season activities, also has a natural ecological environment for touring and enjoying, which greatly increases the people's satisfaction and happiness in the city.

完整項目信息

項目名稱：上海浦東牡丹園改造與提升工程

項目類型：公園改造

項目地點(diǎn)：上海市浦東新區(qū)

設(shè)計單位：MYP邁柏

公司網(wǎng)站：www.officemyp.com

設(shè)計團(tuán)隊：李丹丹、童成程、曾藝、孔婉璐、代林杰、周吳蘭、王秋婉

業(yè)主：上海外高橋集團(tuán)股份有限公司

建成狀態(tài)：建成

設(shè)計時間：2022.06-2022.09

建設(shè)時間：2023.01

用地面積：72150㎡

建筑面積：5850㎡

攝影師：金笑輝，MYP邁柏

PROJECT ARCHIVES

Project Name: Shanghai Pudong Peony Garden Renovation and Upgrading Project

Project type: Park renovation

Project location: Pudong new area, Shanghai

Design: MYP INC.

Website: www.officemyp.com

Leader designer & Team: Dandan Li, Chengcheng Tong, Yi Zeng, Wanlu Kong, Linjie Dai, Wulan Zhou, Qiuwan Wang

Built condition: Completed

Clients: Shanghai Waigaoqiao Group Co., LTD

Design year: 2022.06-2022.09

Completion Year: 2023.01

Site Area: 72150㎡

Gross built area: 5850㎡

Photo credit: Xiaohui Jin, MYP

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