巴塞羅那格拉夫垃圾填埋場(chǎng)景觀修復(fù) | Batlleiroig

▼新型農(nóng)業(yè)景觀

A new agricultural landscape ?Jordi Surroca

昔日的垃圾填埋場(chǎng)逐步恢復(fù)生命力，場(chǎng)地的地形、水文和植被形成了新的農(nóng)業(yè)景觀。

The progressive recovery of life in the old landfill, configuring a new agricultural landscape through topography, hydrology and vegetation.

▼如今的垃圾填埋場(chǎng)

Nowadays deposit  ?Jordi Surroca

此次垃圾填埋場(chǎng)的景觀修復(fù)實(shí)踐整合了此類(lèi)干預(yù)項(xiàng)目的兩個(gè)基本目標(biāo)：解決復(fù)雜的技術(shù)難題以及定義新的景觀。除此之外，該方案中還包含了第三個(gè)目標(biāo)——即將場(chǎng)地作為格拉夫自然公園內(nèi)新的自由空間。

The landscape restoration of this landfill combines in a single operation the two basic objectives that this type of intervention requires: solving a complex technical problem and defining a new landscape. Even so, the proposal incorporates a third objective by proposing this site as a new free access space in the Garraf Natural Park.

▼格拉夫自然公園的新空間

A new free access space in the Garraf Natural Park ?Jordi Surroca

瓦爾·登·瓊（Vall d’en Joan）垃圾填埋場(chǎng)位于Baix Llobregat地區(qū)Begues 與 Gavá市的格拉夫自然公園內(nèi)。該垃圾填埋場(chǎng)的歷史可以追溯到1974年，那時(shí)巴塞羅那和大都會(huì)區(qū)的大多數(shù)城市垃圾都填埋在這里。如今，該場(chǎng)地占地60公頃，其中20公頃的填埋場(chǎng)已經(jīng)關(guān)?；蛐迯?fù)。

The Vall d’en Joan deposit is located in the Garraf Natural Park within the municipalities of Begues and Gavá in the Baix Llobregat region. The beginning of the exploitation of the deposit dates from the year 1974 with the dumping since then of most of the urban waste of Barcelona and the municipalities of its metropolitan area. At present, it occupies an area of 60 hectares of which 20 hectares have already been restored from the closure and restoration project presented here.

▼穿越整個(gè)場(chǎng)地的小路

A path that will run through the entire restored space ?Jordi Surroca

關(guān)停和修復(fù)項(xiàng)目從景觀理念發(fā)展而來(lái)：創(chuàng)造一個(gè)農(nóng)業(yè)梯田景觀綜合體。對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域的借鑒為該項(xiàng)目創(chuàng)造了三個(gè)優(yōu)勢(shì)：

格拉夫山脈的其他部分為耕地山谷，因此將垃圾填埋場(chǎng)改造為農(nóng)業(yè)景觀，意味著可以將其按人們熟悉的方式結(jié)合在一起。

農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)如地形改造、水利控制以及農(nóng)作物開(kāi)發(fā)，與恢復(fù)填埋地所必須的技術(shù)間有許多相似之處。農(nóng)業(yè)在我們的土地上所創(chuàng)造出的極具吸引力的景象，使我們認(rèn)識(shí)到在許多情況下，恢復(fù)土地生產(chǎn)性的使用方式是新地塊規(guī)劃的最佳解決方案。

The closure and restoration project has been developed from a landscape idea: to create a landscape of agricultural terraces that unifies the whole complex. The reference to the agricultural world offered us three important advantages:

In other parts of the Garraf massif there are cultivated valleys, so transforming the deposit into an agricultural landscape implied integrating it with the same instruments that man has already used.

The agricultural techniques of topographic modification, water control, and crop development had many similarities with the technical needs that had to be resolved in the clause and restoration of this deposit.

The personal fascination for the images that agriculture has created on our territories leads us to think on many occasions that their use is the best solution for the planning of new places.

▼多種地形景觀

Various topographic shape of the terraces ?Jordi Surroca

移栽的植物選用了本地的高抗品種，它們對(duì)水分需求少并且能很好地適應(yīng)環(huán)境。植物栽種形式與梯田臺(tái)地的多種地形結(jié)合了起來(lái)，比如田地、坡地、排水溝和道路，還栽種了本土豆科作物、多種喬木和灌木種類(lèi)，以及典型的地中海馬基群落（耐寒常綠灌木和小喬木組成的茂密的灌木植被,常見(jiàn)于地中海沿海地區(qū)）。

The vegetation implantation process is carried out from highly resistant native species, with few water needs and adapted to the environment. The plantation is organized into plant structures linked to the topographic shape of the terraces –fields, slopes, drains, and roads– using autochthonous legume crops, various tree and shrub species, and species typical of the Mediterranean maquis.

▼冬日景色

Scenes of winter ?Jordi Surroca

各種梯田地形的構(gòu)造使得鋪設(shè)一條穿越整個(gè)修復(fù)場(chǎng)地的小路成為可能。這條路穿過(guò)不同的田地，一路延伸至高處并貫穿了多種臺(tái)地。參觀者可以沿路一直攀登到園區(qū)的高處，同時(shí)這也是格拉夫自然公園的景觀觀賞之路。此外，這條路還滿(mǎn)足了維修車(chē)輛的通行需求。

The formalization of the various terraces has made it possible to establish a path that will run through the entire restored space, crossing the different fields and going up through the various terraces. This path allows you to visit the place connecting in its upper part with a landscape itinerary of the Garraf Natural Park. At the same time, this road allows the passage of the necessary maintenance vehicles.

▼項(xiàng)目平面圖

Project plan ? batlleiroig

^{項(xiàng)目信息}

^{項(xiàng)目名稱(chēng)：巴塞羅那格拉夫垃圾填埋場(chǎng)景觀修復(fù)}

^{委托方：巴塞羅那大都會(huì)區(qū)、巴塞羅那省議會(huì)、大都會(huì)水利服務(wù)和廢物處理機(jī)構(gòu)}

^{項(xiàng)目規(guī)模：722.321m2}

^{起始時(shí)間：2000年}

^{項(xiàng)目地址：巴塞羅那格拉夫} 

^{設(shè)計(jì)方：}

^{建筑：Batlleiroig Arquitectura. Enric Batlle Durany, Joan Roig i Duran} 

^{農(nóng)業(yè)工程：Teresa Galí-Izard}

^{設(shè)計(jì)團(tuán)隊(duì)：}

^{建筑：Mario Sú?er Díaz, Xavier Ramoneda, Jordi Nebot, Clara Terradellas Rosell          農(nóng)業(yè)工程和環(huán)境保護(hù)：Yago Cavaller Galí} 

^{農(nóng)業(yè)工程和景觀設(shè)計(jì)：Elena Mostazo, Dolors Feu}

^{圖片版權(quán)： Jordi Surroca (http://www.instagram.com/jordisurrocabcn)}

^{視頻版權(quán)：Jordi Surroca + Xose Cazes}

^{項(xiàng)目獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)：2014第八屆羅莎?芭芭國(guó)際景觀獎(jiǎng)}

^{Project name：Landscape restoration of the Garraf Controlled Waste Landfill in Barcelona}

^{Client: AMB – àrea Metropolitana de Barcelona, Diputació de Barcelona, Entitat Metropolitana de Serveis Hidràulics i Tractament de Residus}

^{Authors: Batlleiroig Arquitectura. Enric Batlle Durany, Joan Roig i Duran – Architect/ Teresa Galí-Izard – Agricultural engineer} 

^{Team: Mario Sú?er Díaz, Xavier Ramoneda, Jordi Nebot, Clara Terradellas Rosell – Architect / Yago Cavaller Galí – Agricultural engineer and environmentalist / Elena Mostazo, Dolors Feu – Agricultural engineer and landscape architect}

^{Collaborators: Proser – Engineering, Geocisa – Geotechnics and foundations, RDS – Engineering}

^{Builder: Urbaser, FCC – Fomento de Construcciones y Contratas, Cepsa, Comsa, Emte}

^{Area: 722.321 m2}

^{Start date: 2000}

^{Location: El Garraf, Barcelona}

^{Photo credits: Jordi Surroca (http://www.instagram.com/jordisurrocabcn)}

^{Video credits: Jordi Surroca + Xose Cazes}

^{翻譯：張夢(mèng)斐}

^{校對(duì)：唐瑜}

^{版權(quán)聲明：本文版權(quán)歸原作者所有，請(qǐng)勿以景觀中國(guó)編輯版本轉(zhuǎn)載。如有侵犯您的權(quán)益請(qǐng)及時(shí)聯(lián)系，我們將第一時(shí)間刪除。}

^{投稿郵箱：info@landscape.cn}

^{項(xiàng)目咨詢(xún)：18510568018（微信同號(hào)）}